The Transformation Strategies of Wood Processing Enterprises in the State-owned Forest Areas of Northeast China under the Constraints of Imported Resources.

(1) Background--With the implementation of the natural forests total stop-logging policy, the wood raw materials provided by the state-owned forest areas in Northeast China are not enough to support the normal production of wood processing enterprises. The concentration of log and sawn timber import market in the state-owned forest area of Northeast China is too high, and the import market is mainly Russia, the United States, Canada and New Zealand. With the intensification of international trade conflicts in timber forest products, Russia, Turkey, India and other countries have restricted the export of timber resources through tariff and non-tariff measures. Different types of wood processing enterprises, especially the state-owned wood processing enterprises are facing many difficulties and need to explore the transformation strategy. (2) Methods--In this paper, private wood processing enterprises and some forestry bureaus in the stateowned forest areas of Northeast China were used as research objects and 76 valid questionnaires and 20 audio interviews were obtained by using cross-cycle and multi-level investigation methods. Firstly, the audio was converted into text data, and Nvivo12. 0 software was used for word cloud analysis based on the rooted coding theory. In this study, only concepts related to the subject of constraints on the imported timber resources were proposed. Finally, the transformation strategies of wood processing enterprises in the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China was studied and analyzed by using the modeling logic diagram formed by the above data. (3) Results--First, three core categories of resource constraints, cost control and transformation strategies are extracted from the interview records according to the coding results. Resource constraints are the core factor that affect enterprise transformation. Solving resource constraints is conducive to cost control, thus promoting enterprise transformation from different angles. Second, the restrictions on wood imports in international laws and bans and the continuous improvement of domestic ecological sustainable development and construction have led to the gradual deepening of the constraint degree of wood resources on wood processing enterprises. Third, due to the scarcity of resources, the increase in production costs such as procurement costs, storage costs and financing costs of wood raw materials brought about by enterprise production reduces the market price advantage of products and increases the operating pressure and risk of enterprises. Fourth, after the implementation of the natural forests stop-logging policy, the resource constraints in the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China is still at a higher level on the whole, although it is lower than the two crisis periods. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--The transformation paths of enterprises are analyzed from three aspects: diversified development, digital development and marketization development. Several policy recommendations are put forward for different types of wood processing enterprises: First, the wood processing enterprises that rely heavily on wood imports should actively carry out the construction of transportation networks to save transportation costs. Second, the state-owned wood processing enterprises should drive the main business with diversified management and guide the intervention of non-forestry capital to stimulate innovation. Third, small and medium-sized, primary wood processing enterprises should pay attention to improving the degree of agglomeration, in order to play the advantages of cluster. Fourth, wood-based panel processing enterprises and wood products processing enterprises should adopt digital means and integrate intelligent manufacturing in order to improve product quality on the basis of sustainable development. Fifth, the private wood processing enterprises should find the right market positioning based on public demands, in order to improve added value of products and market competitiveness and promote the steady development of enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]