The Paths to Realize the Economic Value of Forestry Carbon Sinks in the Key State-owned Forest Areas.

(1) Background--The development of forestry carbon sinks is conducive to the realization of the "double carbon" goal, and is also a strong guarantee for the high-quality development of forestry economy. The realization of the economic value of forestry carbon sinks is a development opportunity for the key state-owned forest areas which the commercial logging ban of natural forests are fully implemented. (2) Methods--Taking the state-owned forest areas of Heilongjiang Province as an example, firstly discussed the advantages and conditions of realizing the economic value of forestry carbon sinks in the state-owned forest areas from the perspective of time dimension and forest areas with different property rights, and then analyzed the constraints of realizing the economic value of forestry carbon sinks in the state-owned forest areas. (3) Results--First, the driving force to realize the economic value of forest carbon sinks is the three benefits of forest carbon sinks: ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits. Second, compared with the collective forest areas in the south, although the state-owned forest areas have advantages in forest resources, they do not have advantages in economic foundation, institutional construction, and the support of the methodology for the development of forestry carbon sinks projects. Third, there are some problems in the development of forestry carbon sinks in the state-owned forest areas, such as poor incentive of participants, lack of clear development benefit sharing mechanism, and low marketization degree. Therefore, the development types of forestry carbon sinks projects need to be independently explored and different paths to realize the economic value of forestry carbon sinks need to be chosen according to different stages of the development of forestry carbon sinks in the state-owned forest areas. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--To realize the economic value of forestry carbon sinks in the stateowned forest areas, different development paths should be chosen according to different stages of forestry carbon sinks development: in the early stage of development, the government path should be the main way to form a vertical and horizontal financial support model for forestry carbon sinks. In the middle and late stage of development, the market path and the compound path should be the main ways, but the government path should not be excluded. The market path is mainly to realize the economic value of forestry carbon sinks through forestry carbon sinks trading market, "forestry carbon sinks+" industry, and forestry carbon sinks financial products, including: (1)Promote the development of multiple types of forestry carbon sinks trading markets, and form a domestic and international "double cycles" market for forestry carbon sinks. For different development types of forestry carbon sinks projects of natural forests, provincial pilot and domestic voluntary trading market can be selected first; For different development types of forestry carbon sinks projects of planted forests, international trading channels should be expanded to support the internationalization of forest products in the state-owned forest areas. (2)Promote the "forestry carbon sinks +" industry model with forest areas characteristics, including characteristic understory industry, forestry tertiary industry and moderate natural forests wood processing industry. The compound path is mainly to realize the economic value of forestry carbon sinks through the guidance and support of the government for forestry carbon sinks financial products, including forestry carbon sinks credit, forestry carbon sinks bond, forestry carbon sinks insurance, ecological bank, and equity financing of forestry carbon sinks projects, etc. At the same time, the forestry carbon sinks compensation mechanism and forestry carbon sinks fund should be established. Therefore, it is suggested to accelerate the development and application of local high-level forestry carbon sinks carbon inclusive methodology, promote the construction of dynamic adjustment mechanism of forestry carbon sinks financial support and the construction of local carbon trading markets, establish a benefit-sharing mechanism for realizing the economic value of forestry carbon sinks in the state-owned forest areas, and accelerate the construction of "digitalization + forestry carbon sinks". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]