The Value Realization Model of Understory Ecological Products in the State-owned Forest Areas of Northeast China.

(1) Background--With the implementation of "The Opinions on Establishing and Improving the Value Realization Mechanism of Ecological Products" in 2021, the value realization of the ecological products is a bridge connecting the ecological protection and economic construction of the forest areas after the reform of the state-owned forest areas in Northeast China. (2) Methods--Based on the ecological niche theory, this paper took the understory ecological products in the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China as the research object, firstly sorted out and summarized the previous literature studies and relevant data, analyzed the current situation of the value realization of the understory ecological products from four aspects of resources, environments, demands and technologies ecological niches, then found out the dilemmas faced in the value realization of the understory ecological products, and finally innovatively put forward a new model to realize the value of the understory ecological products. (3) Results--From the perspective of ecological niche, this paper innovatively combines the ecological niche theory with the value realization of the understory ecological products in the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China, and analyzes the dilemmas encountered in the value realization of the understory ecological products from four aspects: resource niche, environment niche, demand niche and technology niche: the narrow resource niche and inadequate exploitation and utilization of the ecological product resources, environment niche to be improved and lack of specific development policies for the understory ecological products, inaccurate grasp of demand niche and uncoordinated value realization of the ecological products with economic development needs, few technology niche levels and lagging technological innovation of the ecological products in the stateowned forest areas, and then puts forward the new model of realizing the value of the understory ecological products in the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--First, expand the width of resource niche and adopt the resource development model of "original ecological breeding + forest X". Develop the original ecological breeding model according to local conditions and strengthen the construction of hardware and software. Second, optimize the environment niche and gradually form the market transformation model of "EODF+ understory ecological products". Reconstruct the ecological network of the state-owned forest areas in Northeast China, establish a good ecological foundation, use EODF mode to bundle ecological environmental protection and restoration of the forest areas and management of the understory ecological products, improve the efficiency of market transformation of the understory ecological products, comprehensively calculate the joint development projects and implement internal regurgitation-feeding of the projects. Third, obtain the demand niche advantage and accurately adopt the demand expansion model of "scenic areas and cities integration + multi-core attraction". With the scenic areas in the forest areas as the core, form the scenic areas and cities integration system, implement cross-border linkage and multicore attraction to create the demand for the understory ecological products and avoid the phenomenon of ecological niche overlap based on the real market demand. Fourth, improve the level of technology niche and adopt the value realization model of "blockchain + understory ecological products". Manage and record the whole process of the understory ecological products from the forest areas to production in real time by using blockchain technology to ensure product quality and safety, and carry out the digital management of the understory ecological products in the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China by using blockchain technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]