Two new species of Aulotrachichthys (Beryciformes: Trachichthyidae) from the northwestern Pacific.

Two new species of luminous roughies, Aulotrachichthys spiralis and Aulotrachichthys titan (Beryciformes: Trachichthyidae), are described, based on 32 specimens from three main islands of Japan (from Honshu, Shikoku, and southern Kyushu) and a single specimen from the Kyushu-Palau Ridge (northwestern Pacific Ocean), respectively. The holotype of A. titan was previously reported as Aulotrachichthys sajademalensis (Kotlyar 1979), a species restricted to the Western Indian Ocean, including off Somalia and the Saya de Malha Bank. Compared with congeners, the two new species are characterized by dorsal- and anal-fin spine and body scale numbers, shapes of the fin spines and interorbital ridges, relative lengths of the striated muscle band on the caudal peduncle, and several body proportions. These diagnostic characters in species of Aulotrachichthys are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]