IX. Benedictus: Orta Çağ’ın Özgün Papası.

Medieval Europe experienced great political, social, economic and religious disruption following the collapse of the Roman Empire. This chaotic environment continued until the Carolingian rule partially restored the "Pax Romana". After Charlemagne, with the weakening and eventual collapse of the Carolingian rule, Europe was again in turmoil. The Papacy established itself with Carolingian support and entered the process of institutionalization. However, the effects of the insecure environment in Europe also had an impact on the Papacy. In particular, this period was defined as Saeculum Obscurum (Dark Age) for the Papacy. After the withdrawal of Carolingian support, the Papacy and the office of the Pope came under the control of the nobles in Italy, especially in Rome. With this process, some traditions, rules and practices from the past began to break down. The Lateran Roman Church was seen as the property of certain families and individuals. As a result of this situation, the office of the Pope became the hereditary institution of the nobility. These noblemen ignored the rules of the past for the papal office and engaged in irregular behavior/practices In this position, the most unique pope was Pope IX. Benedictus. The main goal of this article is to evaluate various aspects of Pope IX. Benedictus's life and the Saeculum Obscurum (Dark Age) that the Papal state experienced through contemporary sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]