贵阳市2010--2022年水痘流行病学特征分析.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Guiyang city and to provide scientific basis for formulating appropriate prevention and control measures and immunization strategies for varicella. Methods The data of varicella incidence, resident population, and vaccination in Guiyang were collected through China Disease Prevention and Control Information Management system and Guizhou Immunization Planning Information Management system. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and vaccination of varicella vaccine in Guiyang City from 2010 to 2022. Results A total of 32 405 varicella cases were reported in Guiyang city from 2010 to 2022, with an average annual incidence of 54.39/100 000. The incidence of varicella in people under 15 years old was 75.46%. The incidence of varicella was relatively stable from 2011 to 2016 and then increased in 2017 and 2021, while the proportion of female cases in the total population showed an upward trend (S=56.000, τ=0.718, P < 0.001). The incidence of 0 to < 3 years old showed a downward trend, increased continuously in 3 to < 5 years old, reached a peak in 5 to < 6 years old, and then decreased gradually. The incidence percentage of the whole population aged 10 to < 15 and 15 to < 20 years old showed an increasing trend. The two peak incidence rates were from November to January and from May to July, respectively, and the incidence rates in Guanshan Lake district and Baiyun district were higher than those in other districts (cities and counties). The incidence of varicella in Guiyang city over the years was negatively correlated with the number of two doses of varicella vaccine in the same year (r=-0.610, P=0.027). Conclusion The incidence of varicella in Guiyang city shows a downward trend, with obvious seasonal, regional, and population characteristics, and the incidence is mainly among students under 15 years old. The better the second dose of varicella vaccine is, the lower the incidence is, so it is necessary to strengthen the inspection of varicella vaccination in enrollment. On the other hand, considering the increasing incidence of people aged 10 to < 15 and 15 to < 20 years old in Guiyang, it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and varicella vaccination for students of all ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]