Structure of Cornel Cornel Fruits Anthocyanins (Cornus Mas).

The composition of anthocyanins of dogwood fruits was determined using reverse-phase HPLC with spectrophotometric and mass spectrometric detection. The procedure for determining the structure of individual components of extracts including 3-galactosides of delphinidine, cyanidine and pelargonidine and 3-robinobiosides (3-rhamnosylgalactosides) of cyanidine and pelargonidine is described. It was found that the content of delphinidin3-galactoside, as well as both 3-robinobiosides, may be insignificant when cyanidin and pelargonidin prevail in the composition of 3-galactosides. For the studied fruits, the level of anthocyanin accumulation can reach (depending on the intensity of coloring) 46 mg per 100 g of fresh fruits, while the concentration of anthocyanins in the peel of fruits is significantly higher – more than 390 mg per 100 g. When developing an exhaustive extraction of anthocyanins, a peculiarity of dogwood fruits was established, consisting in the fact that the extraction of anthocyanins with 0.1 M aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, unlike a large number of other natural sources studied, is practically impossible. The problem can be solved only by extraction with acidified water-alcohol mixtures with an ethanol content in the extractant of more than 30 vol.%, which indicates a high affinity of the components of the pulp of fruits to anthocyanins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]