Fundamentos metodológicos utilizados en el debriefing que fortalecen el logro de competencias en los estudiantes de enfermería.

Introduction: Nursing schools and faculties have been improving their curricula to provide society with professionals according to new needs, as part of the improvement clinical simulation and debriefing are used to encourage reflection of practice and significant learning. Objectives: To identify the methodological foundations used in debriefing that strengthen the achievement of competencies in nursing students. Methodology: Systematic review of the literature between November and December 2021 considering full-text articles, in Spanish, English and Portuguese; and between 2011 and 2021, ScienceDirect, SciELO, Pubmed, ProQuest and EBSCO were searched; using the Boolean operators "AND" and "OR". The Mendeley bibliographic manager was used to store and process the articles, applying the PRISMA methodology. Results: Of the 118 articles, 31.3% are from MEDLINE/Pubmed, 26.3% from ScienceDirect, 19.5% from ProQuest, 11.9% from SciELO and 11.0% from EBSCO. Conclusions: During the debriefing a reflection of the practice between the teacher and the students is carried out, managing to identify the mental models of the students and making a comparison between the result obtained and the expected, to modify erroneous mental models favoring the achievement of competences of the students in future attentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]