Global ozone variability.

In this work total column ozone (TCO) analysis and variability over globe has been studied during the period 1959–2022 using monthly mean data from ERA5 reanalysis database. The lower values of TCO occurs in equatorial latitudes, while the higher values of TCO appears over the mid-latitude and subpolar latitudes in both hemispheres (slightly farther poleward in the NH). The higher values of the coefficient of variation (CV) of TCO in NH and SH occur over the mid-latitude and subpolar latitudes, it increases gradually latitudinally poleward of 40°N. The lower values of CV appears over tropical and subtropical regions (between 40°S and 40°N). The trend study for the seasonal and annual spatial distribution of TCO divided the globe into three belts the trend values in the first belt (40°N- 90°N) are negative the trend values of TCO in the second belt (40°S- 40°N) are positive (increasing TCO). The third belt (40°S to 90°S) is characterized by the existence of negative trend values of TCO. The study of the Manne Whitney test for abrupt change of the time series of TCO for the three-time series of NHB confirms that there is abrupt change in TCO around the year 1971, 1979, 1992 (increasing) and 2013 (decreasing). • The higher values of TCO appear at mid-latitude and subpolar latitudes in both hemispheres. • The higher values of the coefficient of variation of TCO in NH and SH occur over the mid-latitudes and subpolar latitudes. • The lower values of the coefficient of variation of TCO appear in tropical and subtropical regions. • The trend study for the seasonal and annual TCO divided the globe into three belts. • The trend values in the first and third belts are negative, and positive in the second belt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]