Lifelong learning‐based multilayer neural network control of nonlinear continuous‐time strict‐feedback systems.

In this paper, we investigate lifelong learning (LL)‐based tracking control for partially uncertain strict feedback nonlinear systems with state constraints, employing a singular value decomposition (SVD) of the multilayer neural networks (MNNs) activation function based weight tuning scheme. The novel SVD‐based approach extends the MNN weight tuning to n$$ n $$ layers. A unique online LL method, based on tracking error, is integrated into the MNN weight update laws to counteract catastrophic forgetting. To adeptly address constraints for safety assurances, taking into account the effects caused by disturbances, we utilize a time‐varying barrier Lyapunov function (TBLF) that ensures a uniformly ultimately bounded closed‐loop system. The effectiveness of the proposed safe LL MNN approach is demonstrated through a leader‐follower formation scenario involving unknown kinematics and dynamics. Supporting simulation results of mobile robot formation control are provided, confirming the theoretical findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]