A methodical study on digital image forensics and counterfeit detection techniques.

In the current era of digitization where to enhance the quality of images, many image editing tools are used. Thus, it is very challenging to recognize its authenticity and validates its integrity. Hence several image forensic techniques are proposed and used for the detection of forgery in digital images. This paper presents an analytical review on digital image forensic techniques for both active and passive methods. Digital image forensics is the process of analyzing digital images for evidence of tampering or manipulation. This process can be used to identify forged or altered images, detect hidden objects, or identify discrepancies between two images. This also involves the use of image analysis algorithms to identify patterns in pixel data, as well as the use of tools such as photo-editing software and forensic software to detect anomalies. Digital image forensics can be used to authenticate images, un-cover hidden information, detect malicious content, and identify the source of an image. The active forensic methods use data embedding using digital signatures and watermarking. However, passive methods use techniques for tamper detection steganalysis, etc. In this view of this different forensic methods using both active and passive techniques are reviewed analyze and compare. An exclusive comparative study along with their strength and limitations are also represented, which gives an appropriate research direction to the researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]