Aerobic deterioration and management of silage feedout face.

From the opening of the silo to the end of its feeding, the silage face undergoes materials and energy flow with the external environment. Oxygen is the cause of the deterioration of silage quality. It promotes a series of aerobic microorganisms to eat high-nutrient substances (such as water-soluble sugars and lactic acid), which leads to a decrease in the dry matter and energy content of the silage, and may even result in the production of mycotoxins. The silage face is susceptible to oxidation, but effective management of the silage face can help preserve more nutrients for ruminants. The paper introduces the structural characteristics of silage, gas exchange, volatilization of fermentation ends, and microbial activities that occur on the silage face. It also describes the conditions that lead to aerobic deterioration on the silage face. Additionally, the paper reviews the role of silage face management, such as management principles, daily removal rate, silage remover, and feeding principles, in ensuring personnel safety, preserving nutrients and reducing dry matter losses, to provide a reference for implementing effective feed-out practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]