ПЛАЗМОВО-ДУГОВІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ АДИТИВНОГО НАПЛАВЛЕННЯ (3D ДРУКУ) ПРОСТОРОВИХ МЕТАЛЕВИХ ВИРОБІВ: ДОСВІД ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ І НОВІ МОЖЛИВОСТІ.

The growing relevance of 3D printing of finished metal products in recent years is due to the reduction of costs for manufacturing, machining, changing the standard sizes and nomenclature of parts, the possibility of obtaining solid parts with complex internal geometry. One of the most promising 3D printing processes, which provides a wide range of productivity (0.02 - 25 kg/h and more) with the possibility of surfacing a wall with a thickness of 2-20 mm, is additive plasma-arc surfacing (APDN) with wires and powder materials. The work examines the current state of research on additive manufacturing of metal parts from steels and alloys, determines the state and prospects for the development of APDN. It is shown that APDN allows performing 3D printing using a wide range of implant materials, in particular, compact and composite (powder) wires, powders of light alloys and refractory metals, composite powders and mechanical mixtures of powders of alloys, metal ceramics, carbides, borides, etc. New opportunities for the application of APDN include development of technologies for growing products from materials with gradient functional properties, from dissimilar materials, with accompanying modification of the deposited metal by additional processing, improving the properties of the deposited metal due to the use of hybrid processes. The state of innovative developments of APDN technologies and equipment carried out at the E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and their industrial implementation is highlighted. 32 Ref., 5 Tabl., 22 Fig. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]