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Policy, management, and operation practices in U.S. microtransit systems.

Authors :
Ghimire, Subid
Bardaka, Eleni
Monast, Kai
Wang, Juan
Wright, Waugh
Source :
Transport Policy. Jan2024, Vol. 145, p259-278. 20p.
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

This paper identifies the current practices and challenges related to the planning, management, and operation of microtransit systems as well as the concerns associated with the (lack of) policies in place. Our work focuses on the U.S. experience and is primarily based on an in-depth analysis of six microtransit systems using a combination of quantitative and qualitative data. We investigate and classify the multiple ways public agencies form public-private partnerships to institute microtransit service in their jurisdictions and discuss the relative advantages and disadvantages of the different service delivery models. We also thoroughly examine the contracts public agencies formed with private entities to disentangle the various cost elements associated with the launch and operation of a microtransit system. Our policy discussion emphasizes the lack of sustained funding sources for microtransit and the funding formulas that lead to a reduction or loss of public transportation funding when a jurisdiction replaces a fixed route service with microtransit. We also explain the requirements for ADA compliance in microtransit systems and highlight that service equivalency between disabled and non-disabled riders is not guaranteed when only some of the microtransit vehicles and operators are ADA compliant and certified. In terms of operation practices, we describe the safety risks that microtransit users may face on a day-to-day basis due to algorithm-driven virtual pick-up and drop-off locations, and the unwillingness of some service providers to enforce inclusive practices and ensure that individuals without electronic payment options and smartphones can gain access to the service. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges with balancing supply and demand in microtransit systems, and the need for allowing for both on-demand and pre-scheduled trip requests in order to ensure that critical and time-sensitive work, school, and medical trips are accommodated and prioritized. • Quantitative and qualitative data from six microtransit implementations. • Classification of public-private partnerships for microtransit service. • Explanation of technology fees and vehicles and drivers' costs in microtransit contracts. • Lack of sustained funding sources, and ADA compliance not guaranteed. • Challenges related to operation, such as the safety of algorithm-driven virtual stops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
0967070X
Volume :
145
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
Transport Policy
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
173755870
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2023.10.011