氮肥减施对不同品种马铃薯生长发育的影响.

China uses 7% of the world's arable land to consume 35% of the world's chemical fertilizer, and a large amount of unreasonable chemical fertilizer inputs lead to increased planting costs. With the introduction of the policy of double reduction of pesticides and fertilizers, how to reduce the nitrogen fertilizer input while ensuring the stable yield of potato crops has become the main problem to be solved urgently for the sustainable development of the potato industry. Breeding and popularizing potato varieties with efficient nitrogen absorption and utilization are an important way to realize the sustainable and healthy development of potato production in China. In this experiment, 'Dongnong 310', 'Xingjia 2', 'Muyushu 3', 'Zaodabai', 'Zhongshuzao 35', and 'Innovator' were used as test materials, and three fertilizer gradients were set as nitrogen free (0), low nitrogen (90 kg/ha), and regular nitrogen (180 kg/ha), to comprehensively analyze the differences in nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen efficiency. The dry matter accumulation and plant height of most potato varieties were significantly increased with the application of nitrogen fertilizer in the tuber formation and tuber bulking stages. Under the treatment of low nitrogen, the yields of 'Xingjia 2' and 'Zhongshuzao 35' were significantly higher than that of the other four varieties (except 'Innovator', which was not significantly different from 'Xingjia 2'). Under the treatments of low nitrogen and regular nitrogen application, the nitrogen recovery efficiency of 'Dongnong 310' was higher, which was 7.26% and 7.49%, respectively, but its nitrogen agronomic efficiency and partial factor productivity of applied nitrogen were lower. Furthermore, its yield did not have a significant advantage compared with other varieties. Its dry matter accumulation was higher, possibly due to the accumulation of nitrogen mainly transported to above- ground part of plants. The nitrogen agronomic efficiency of 'Muyushu 3' and 'Zhongshuzao 35' under N 90 kg/ha treatment was higher, 75.42 and 96.38 kg/kg, respectively, indicating that these two varieties had a significant increase in yield with the application of nitrogen fertilizer. The partial factor productivity of applied nitrogen of 'Zhongshuzao 35' was the highest, 219.36 kg/kg, under N 90 kg/ha treatment. The study on photosynthetic pigments found that the content of photosynthetic pigments in tuber formation stage was higher than that in tuber bulking stage, and 'Innovator' had a longer duration of photosynthesis. Therefore, under the condition of reducing nitrogen fertilizer application, 'Xingjia 2' and 'Zhongshuzao 35' could achieve higher yield, and 'Dongnong 310' has a stronger nitrogen absorption efficiency, but its yield is relatively low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]