商品有机肥对黏性红壤团聚体分布、烤烟产质量及养分利用率的影响.

[Objective] The study aimed to explore effects of applying commercial organic fertilizer with different organic materials on soil nutrient content and aggregate distribution, yield, quality and nitrogen ( N), phosphorus ( P) and potassium ( K) fertilizer utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco, and provide technical support for scientific fertilization of flue-cured tobacco in Qujing tobacco-growing area. [ Method] Using flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 100 as material, a field experiment was established in red soil in Qujing tobacco planting area, and five fertilization treatments were set up including Tl ( traditional chemical fertilizer, CK1), T2, T3 and T4 ( 70% traditional chemical fertilizer combined with commercial organic fertilizer A, B and C, respectively), TS ( without fertilizer, CK2). [Result] Compared with treatment Tl (CK1), treatments T2, T3 and T4 significantly improved soil pH by 0.14 -0. 31 units, and soil fertility was also improved. The contents of soil organic matter, available N, P and K were significantly increased by 6. 47% -42. 79%. Meanwhile, the conductivity of three organic fertilizers treatments was significantly decreased by 20. 03% -26. 73%. Compared with Tl ( CK1l), the contents of large-size aggregates ( >5 mm, 2 -5 mm) in treatments T2, T3 and T4 were significantly increased by 69. 28%, 172. 67% and 90. 89%, and contents of powder clay ( < 0. 25 mm) were decreased by 4. 61 %, 13. 73% and 7. 37%, respectively. Compared with Tl (CK1), T3 and T4 treatments significantly increased leaf coefficient by 15. 55% and 10. 60%, T2 and T3 treatments increased yield by 13. 19% and 9. 09%, and output values were significantly enhanced by 25. 49% and 20. 35%, respectively. Treatments T2, T3 and T4 increased total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium oxide in the middle leaf, and decreased total nitrogen and nicotine compared with Tl ( CK1 ), and chemical composition of tobacco leaves was more harmonious. Compared with Tl ( CK1), treatments T2, T3 and T4 significantly increased apparent and physiological nitrogen use efficiency by 13.48% -27. 46% and 5. 42% -17. 81 %, respectively. Treatments T2, T3 and T4 promoted P, K fertilizer absorption, and T3 showed the best effect. The apparent and physiological phosphorus efficiency of T3 increased significantly by 35. 44% and 36. 07%, while the apparent and physiological potassium efficiency increased significantly by 12. 16% and 13. 08%, respectively. [ Conclusion] Replacing 30% traditional chemical fertilizer combined with commercial organic fertilizer can improve soil pH and soil fertility, increase tobacco yield and quality, and improve nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]