SIÇANLARDA SODYUM VALPROAT KAYNAKLI MİDE HASARI ÜZERİNE RUTİN'İN OKSİDATİF STRES, İNFLAMASYON VE APOPTOZ ÜZERİNDEKİ KORUYUCU ETKİLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI.

Objective Sodium valproate is one of the most commonly used antiepileptic drugs and is toxic after long-term exposure. Long-term exposure to sodium valproate causes an increase in oxidative stress and inflammation in tissues. Rutin is a flavonoid naturally found in many plants with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. This study aimed to investigate the use and possible outcomes of rutin, a natural antioxidant, on gastric tissue damage caused by sodium valproate. Material and Method 35 Wistar albino rats were divided into 5 groups: control, rutin, sodium valproate, sodium valproate+rutin-50mg, and sodium valproate+rutin-100mg. For 14 days, a 500 mg/kg dose of sodium valproate and 50 or 100 mg/kg of rutin were administered by oral gavage. On the 15th day, rats were decapitated and gastric tissues were removed. SOD, CAT, GPx activities, MDA, GSH levels, and oxidative stress damage were analyzed by spectrophotometric method. Inflammation damage by NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-2, and MMP-9 transcription levels and apoptotic damage by Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 mRNA transcription levels were analyzed by RT-PCR method. Histologic analysis with hematoxylin-eosin staining was also performed to score for congestion, hemorrhage, mucosal damage, cell infiltration and gland dilatation. In gastric tissues, MDA level and NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-2, MMP-9, Bax and Caspase-3 mRNA transcription levels increased (p<0.05), CAT, SOD, GPX activities, GSH level and Bcl-2 mRNA transcription level decreased (p<0.05) in sodium valproate group compared to control group. Rutin administration resulted in a reversal of all these changes due to sodium valproate (p<0.05). Conclusion It was concluded that rutin has potential protective properties against the toxic effect of sodium valproate exposure in gastric tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]