Fatores que contribuem para a hesitação e recusa vacinal no Brasil.

Despite the availability of vaccines, the World Health Organization (WHO), in the year 2019, declared the population's reluctance to vaccinate, threatening to reverse the progress made in the fight against preventable diseases by immunization, causing the return of already eradicated diseases. This study aimed to analyze, according to the literature, the factors related to vaccine hesitancy and refusal in Brazil. The results show that uncertainty about the reactogenicity and safety of vaccines, fear of adverse events, and lack of information/guidance were the main causes of vaccine refusal. The spread of fake news, low perception of disease risk, and distrust in science happen due to lack of information and knowledge about the importance of the vaccine. Nursing has an essential role in promoting knowledge about vaccination. It is necessary to incorporate educational actions in order to reestablish high vaccination coverage, avoiding the recrudescence of already eradicated diseases or the increase of controlled diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]