Experience of effective development of industrial activities of the subarctic countries.

Subarctic countries demonstrate effective innovation industrial development in the XXI century. At the same time each country uses distinctive features. The aim of the work is to study the distinctive features of the effective transformation of each of the subarctic countries. A comparative analysis of the innovation activity of the subarctic countries from the point of view of its organization and efficiency depending on various factors including the development of national innovation systems (NIS), government regulation and stimulation of innovation industrial development as well as the Global Innovation Index rating and R&D expenditures in % of GDP was carried out. The expediency of using the "triple helix" for the effective development of industrial activities which is based on the interaction of the state, private enterprises, universities, and research organizations is shown. The experience of the innovation industrial development the subarctic countries can be used to increase the innovation activity of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]