Micro hydro power generation in water distribution networks through the optimal pumps-as-turbines sizing and control.

Sustainable use of water and energy sources is a crucial challenge for smart and resilient urban water infrastructure. At this aim, this study presents a methodology for implementing and selecting pumps-as-turbines (PaTs) in water distribution networks (WDNs) to minimise leakage losses and maximise energy recovery. A novel dynamic control algorithm for PaTs is proposed, which optimises the pressure dissipation while granting a minimum pressure head in the network. The digital hydraulic model of a WDN, which incorporates the developed control strategy, outputs the available pressure heads and flow rates of each PaT for an extended period simulation. The entire simulated data series are fed into a new algorithm to select the best machine to be installed to achieve a reliable solution under realistic and varying conditions. Finally, this methodology is applied to a real test case, improving the sustainability and energy efficiency of a mountainous WDN by enhancing the water-energy nexus. • Novel algorithm for dynamic pressure control in water supply systems simulations. • Innovative algorithm for optimal pumps-as-turbines selection. • Sustainable and efficient water-energy nexus in water distribution systems. • Methodology applied on a digital twin of an existing water supply system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]