Dynamical modelling and experimental validation of a fast and accurate district heating thermo-hydraulic modular simulation tool.

This paper presents a new thermo-hydraulic model for district heating systems simulations, which aims at being a fast and accurate tool to simulate highly renewable networks characterized by fluctuating energy profiles. The main novel aspect of the tool lies in the heat transmission modelling over long pipes based on a Lagrangian numerical approach. In comparison to other existing models, this approach significantly reduces computational time and it increases results' accuracy. The elaborated method avoids numerical diffusion in the results and consequently allows proper prediction of temperature propagation, especially in case of fast changes of fluctuating profiles. The tool is built following a modular procedural programming approach in order to facilitate the simulation of multicomponent system. Thanks to its modular structure, every components of the system is built with the same structure that is differently declined according to each component's requirements. In this way, new additional elements' models easily fit the existing ones. The model is validated under real operating conditions with hourly monitoring data of an Italian district heating network. The results show good correspondence also in the most peripheral nodes of the network, where the largest deviations are normally encountered, thus making the model a reliable and fast simulation tool for district heating network design and operational control. • A model for fast and realistic simulation of district heating network is presented. • The heat-transmission pipe is modelled with the method of characteristics with a Lagrangian approach. • An entire big scale district heating model is validated with yearly monitoring data, proving the model usability. • Simulation results agree with temperatures at distant user's substations and peak demand at generation plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]