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Antibacterial activity of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde and its possible mechanism against Staphylococcus aureus.

Authors :
Kannappan, Arunachalam
Jothi, Ravi
Tian, Xiaorong
Pandian, Shunmugiah Karutha
Gowrishankar, Shanmugaraj
Chunlei, Shi
Source :
Journal of Applied Microbiology. Jul2023, Vol. 134 Issue 7, p1-11. 11p.
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Aim Staphylococcus aureus causes several complicated infections. Despite decades of research on developing new antimicrobials, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) remains a global health problem. Hence, there is a dire need to identify potent natural antibacterial compounds as an alternative to antimicrobials. In this light, the present work divulges the antibacterial efficacy and the action mechanism of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (HMB) isolated from Hemidesmus indicus against S. aureus. Methods and Results Antimicrobial activity of HMB was assessed. HMB exhibited 1024 µg ml−1 as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and 2 × MIC as the minimum bactericidal concentration against S. aureus. The results were validated by spot assay, time kill, and growth curve analysis. In addition, HMB treatment increased the release of intracellular proteins and nucleic acid contents from MRSA. Additional experiments assessing the structural morphology of bacterial cells using SEM analysis, β-galactosidase enzyme activity, and the fluorescence intensities of propidium iodide and rhodamine123 dye divulged that the cell membrane as one of the targets of HMB to hinder S. aureus growth. Moreover, the mature biofilm eradication assay revealed that HMB dislodged nearly 80% of the preformed biofilms of MRSA at the tested concentrations. Further, HMB treatment was found to sensitize MRSA cells upon combining tetracycline treatment. Conclusions The present study suggests that HMB is a promising compound with antibacterial and antibiofilm activities and could act as a lead structure for developing new antibacterial drugs against MRSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
13645072
Volume :
134
Issue :
7
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
Journal of Applied Microbiology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
171853655
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxad144