Low transplacental transfer of PFASs in the small-for-gestational-age (SGA) new-borns: Evidence from a Chinese birth cohort.

Early life in utero exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and infiltration through the placenta into cord blood pose significant risk to fetal development. Accumulating knowledge suggests that PFASs pass through the placenta in multiple transportation ways, not limiting to passive transport but also active transport or facilitated diffusion. Therefore, we propose that the transplacental transfer efficiency (TTE) could be re-evaluated as traditional cord to maternal ratio-based method might overlook certain biological or health information from the mother and fetus. In this study, we investigated 30 PFAS chemicals in paired maternal and cord serum from 195 births classified as small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and matched appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA). PFASs were ubiquitously detected in the maternal and serum samples, with PFOA, PFOS, 6:2 Cl-PFESA and other dominant compounds. We adopted a modified TTE estimation method (TTE m), taking into consideration of the total burden mass of PFASs in the blood from mother to fetus. Using the modified TTE m , a significant (p < 0.05) decrease was observed in the PFAS transplacental transfer potential in SGA (1.6%–11.3%) compared to AGA (2.3%–21.1%), suggesting a reverse association between TTE and SGA birth risk. This is the first study attempted to re-evaluate the TTE of PFAS and indicates that TTE m might be more advantageous to reflect the transplacental transfer potency of chemicals particularly when transportation mechanisms are multi-faceted. [Display omitted] • PFASs were ubiquitous in maternal and cord serum samples • We re-evaluated the TTEs (TTE m s) of PFASs based on chemical burden mass in AGA and SGA • TTE m s for most PFASs were notably lower (p value < 0.05) in the SGA group compared to the AGA group • Robust significance (p < 0.001) was observed in the TTE m s decline in SGA for many major individual PFAS chemicals including PFOA, PFOS, 6:2 Cl-PFESA, PFDA and PFNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]