Surface plasmon resonance effects of Ti3C2 MXene for degradation of antibiotics under full spectrum.

The ML-( Ti 1 − X 2 + Ti X 3 + ) 3 C 2 V Al X (ML-Ti 3 C 2) crystal was exfoliated into the crystal Ti 3 C 2 MXene with coexistence of ( Ti 1 − X 2 + Ti X 3 + ) 3 C 2 V Al X MXene and Ti 2 C V Al X MXene by HF etching Ti 3 AlC 2 and ultrasonic crushing in water. Ti 3 C 2 MXene exhibits the surface plasmon effects of transverse and longitudinal surface plasmon resonance due to its surface holes and internal bound electrons. When excited by the simulated sunlight, the high energy hot holes on the surface of plasma Ti 3 C 2 MXene crystal directly oxidize the antibiotics and the organic pollutants. The electrons bound in the crystal lag behind the excitation of holes and migrate to the surface to further degradation. After 150 min of near infrared light irradiation, the degradation rates of tetracycline (TC) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) by Ti 3 C 2 MXene are 78.91% and 99.26%, respectively. They are 1.35/1.00 and 1.53/3.11 times of ML-Ti 3 C 2 and (001)TiO 2 /Ti 3 C 2. This study indicates that Ti 3 C 2 MXene has significant degradation effects on antibiotics in the full spectral range. Our work intends to provide a valuable reference for the design of the MXene full spectral photocatalyst. [Display omitted] • Ti 3 AlC 2 was exfoliated into ( Ti 1 − X 2 + Ti X 3 + ) 3 C 2 V Al X MXene and Ti 2 C V Al X MXene crystals. • Both holes and electrons on Ti 3 C 2 MXene have surface plasmon effects of TE and TM. • Electrons lag holes to form high-energy hot electrons to enhance photocatalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]