Long-Term Renal Function Consequences Following Coronary Angiography and Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography: Assessing the Influence of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy.

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is kidney damage caused by contrast media in medical procedures like angiography and CT scans. It is linked to acute kidney injury and can affect long-term renal function. Factors like pre-existing kidney issues, diabetes, and heart failure increase the risk. CIN's impact on renal function in Bangladesh needs attention due to rising cardiovascular diseases and imaging procedures. Research explores CIN's mechanisms, risk factors, prevention, and management. Research conducted in other locations has demonstrated a correlation between CIN and both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Understanding CIN's impact in Bangladesh is crucial for preventive strategies and better patient care. Aim of the study: This study aims to investigate CIN's impact on renal function in Bangladeshi patients undergoing angiography, and CT scans to improve clinical decision-making and outcomes. Methods: This is a prospective comparative study, a total of 207. Patients were enrolled and analyzed in this study. The study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, Apollo Imperial Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Between March 2022 and March 2023, we examined the alterations in renal function subsequent to coronary angiography or contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). In this study we divided patients into two groups; Group A and Group B. A total of 72 patients with Coronary Angiography were in Group A and a total of 135 patients with contrast-enhanced computed tomography were in Group B. Result: The study population consisted of 195 patients, who were divided into two groups. The analysis comparing renal function at the time of coronary angiography and contrast-enhanced CT (eGFR ≥30 ml/min/1.73 m2 and eGFR ≤1.73 m2) revealed no significant difference in the occurrence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Age and diabetes mellitus, along with pre-existing renal dysfunction, were identified as factors associated with the two-year prognosis of renal function. Conclusion: Contrary to previous beliefs, the presence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) does not pose a longterm risk to renal prognosis following coronary angiography or contrast-enhanced CT scans. Moreover, individuals with pre-existing renal dysfunction, including those with an eGFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m², do not face an elevated risk of developing CIN. These findings have significant implications, as they assure that patients with kidney disease requiring contrast-enhanced testing can undergo appropriate examinations without undue concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]