High pressure/high temperature cell for x-ray absorption and scattering techniques.

A high pressure/high temperature cell dedicated to x-ray absorption spectroscopy, small angle x-ray scattering, and inelastic x-ray scattering techniques is presented. The P and T parameters are controlled independently and their range allow the study of aqueous solutions (T<=500 °C and P<=2000 bar) and liquid metals and glasses (T<=1700 °C and P<=2000 bar). The autoclave technology is inspired from previous high pressure/high temperature equipments but great improvements are achieved. Original high pressure windows have been developed to ensure both pressure resistance and low absorbance combined with large angular aperture. Different configurations are available for the internal cell that contains the sample whether it is aqueous or not. As an example of the efficiency of the set-up, we present preliminary x-ray absorption results on 0.01 m FeCl3 aqueous solutions from ambient to supercritical conditions (375 °C and 300 bar). These low concentrations samples and low energy spectra (Fe K-edge is at 7112 eV) represent challenging experimental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]