Development of ring-core photonic crystal fiber based on LiNbO3 supporting higher-order OAM modes.

We proposed and numerically investigated a new circular hollow photonic crystal fiber made of LiNbO3 as the high-index ring material with silica as the background layer supporting orbital angular momentum modes. The proposed fiber supports > 120 orbital angular momentum modes for signal transmission with flat dispersion ~ 1.6 ps-nm− 1 km− 1 in the O + E + S + C + L and U Bands. The high effective mode index difference of ~ 10− 3 and high fiber bending tolerance (~ 0.1 cm) across the optical bands are notable features of the architecture. The proposed photonic crystal fiber has the potential to be utilised in high-bandwidth fiber communication systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]