A review of thermal cracking of atmospheric residual oil (AR).

The development that took place in the late centuries and the growing population of the world led to an increase in the demand for light derivatives of petroleum because it is used in most industries, either as a feed material or as a fuel, as well as as a fuel for various means of transportation and for various daily human uses. Also, the percentage of extracted light oils became less and the costs of extraction and refining were high. Therefore, it became necessary to find other ways to convert heavy, low-quality, low-priced and unwanted oils into light oils of higher quality and a desirable price. Thermal cracking is one of the first and most important of these ways to upgrade heavy oils, as it will be in this review mentions the previous experiences and their operational conditions and the factors influencing when upgrading the atmospheric residue (AR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]