Studying Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) gene at colorectal cancer patients. The role of E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1), tumor suppressor P14 (ARF) and marker of proliferation Ki-67.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between APC gene mutations and subcellular differentiation levels of E2F1, P14ARF and KI67 proteins. Furthermore, if such connections can be used in the area of preventive health care. Materials and Methods: The 30 hours Immunohistochemistry protocol used, had samples preparation, antigen retrieval, background blocking, target detection and sample visualization. Samples were viewed and captured by light microscopy. Results: The conducted research concern 88 patients with a range age of 56 years. 57,7% had no tobacco addiction, 3,84% were obese and 19,23% had the tendency to consume alcohol. About 31% had at least one family member with a history of cancer. Intensity and positivity of the genes vary as seen in tables. Conclusions: By targeting specific and simultaneously multiple pathways based on molecular signatures, enables cases to be detected at an earlier stage, when there are greater chances of cure as treatment is more effective. A plan for early detection of cancer is a key component within an overall cancer control plan. An early diagnosis program is far more cheap and easy leading to appropriate treatments which finally reduce death rates and suffering due to cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]