Chemotherapeutic effects of doxorubicin loaded PEG coated TiO2 nanocarriers on breast cancer cell lines.

Aim: Breast cancer is the most common frequently diagnosed malignancy among women and leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The aim of this study is 1) to increase the biocompatibility of the titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) by coating it with PolyEthylene Glycol (PEG) and to develop a new nanostructure system and 2) to determine anticancer activity of doxorubicin (DOX) loaded PEG-TiO2 on MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Material and Methods: TiO2 nanoparticles used in this study were synthesized, coated with PEG, and PEG-TiO2 nanostructure system was loaded by DOX. UV analysis was performed on the prepared solutions. The synthesized drugs were applied to the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line and cytotoxic effect of these drugs were determined by using MTT method. The MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with different concentrations of TiO2 (5-100 µg/ml) for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Apoptosis and necrosis were determined by fluorescence microscopy using the Hoechst 33258 (HO)/propidium iodide (PI) double staining. Results: The effects of TiO2, PEG-TiO2, DOX, and TiO2-PEG-DOX on the MDA-MB-231 cell line were compared with the control group and IC50 values were determined for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Conclusion: In this study, it was shown that the effect of TiO2-PEG-DOX nanostructured system on MDA-MB-231 cell line was inhibition growth in cancer cells and induction of apoptosis when compared with control group and DOX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]