Redundant mechanisms in division plane positioning.

Redundancies in plant cell division contribute to the maintenance of proper division plane orientation. Here we highlight three types of redundancy: 1) Temporal redundancy, or correction of earlier defects that results in proper final positioning, 2) Genetic redundancy, or functional compensation by homologous genes, and 3) Synthetic redundancy, or redundancy within or between pathways that contribute to proper division plane orientation. Understanding the types of redundant mechanisms involved provides insight into current models of division plane orientation and opens up new avenues for exploration. • Division plane orientation is critical for plant development. • Division plane orientation may be mediated by genetic and non genetic redundant processes. • Alterations in division plane positioning may be corrected during later cell-cycle stages indicating temporal redundancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]