Kalopanax septemlobus: its phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity (1966–2022).

Kalopanax septemlobus is a traditional herbal medicine for multiple medicinal sites (root, stem bark, bark, leaves) in East Asia, and its bark has a significant curative effect on rheumatoid arthritis. In the past 13 years (2009–2022), the research literature accounted for 50% of the total, and it is becoming a research highlight of the relevant international scholars (ACS, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Springer, and Web of Science). This paper is the first comprehensive review of its chemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity for more than half a century (1966–2022), in which the chemical studies include triterpenoids & saponins (86 compounds), and phenylpropanoids (26 compounds), involving 46 new structures and one biomarker—triterpenoid saponin (Kalopanaxsaponin A); According to the number of literature, the pharmacological effects and mechanisms are systematically divided into five aspects, such as: anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, antifungal and anti-diabetic, etc., covering its toxicological progress. To provide literature support for the exploration of new drugs against related diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, which are becoming younger nowadays. [Display omitted] • The first comprehensive review of its chemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity for more than half a century (1966–2022). • Chemical studies include triterpenoids & saponins, and phenylpropanoids, involving 46 new structures. • Pharmacological effects include anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, antifungal and anti-diabetic, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]