Characterization of physical and chemical antioxidative performance of asphalt using Bio-additive from paper pulp black liquor.

• Lignin additive extracted using H 2 SO 4 (L-S) had high phenolic content and pH value. • Asphalt with L-S additive had the lowest reduction of crossover modulus due to aging. • Incorporating L-S into asphalt reduces the increase of asphaltene fraction due to aging. • FTIR test is more sensitive in measuring the lignin antioxidant performance than DSR and GPC. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of lignin bio-additives derived from black liquor paper pulp as asphalt antioxidants. Two lignin bio-additives, H-L and S-L, were developed by acidifying black liquor with hydrochloric and sulfuric acid. The laboratory aging procedures used in this study included the Rolling Thin Film Oven and the Ultraviolet Chamber methods. The crossover modulus (|G* c |) and linear amplitude sweep (LAS) were measured using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) was also used to characterize the molecular size distribution of the asphalt binder. The combination of carbonyl and sulfoxide aging indices was measured using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The S-L modified binder (S-LMB) demonstrated superior aging resistance compared to both the control binder (CB) and the H-L modified binder (H-LMB) by exhibiting the lowest reduction in |G* c |. Furthermore, the LAS test results showed that S-LMB provided the best resistance to aging due to the lowest decrease in fatigue life with age conditioning, followed by CB and H-LMB, with rates of 11%, 13%, and 16%, respectively. The GPC results also confirmed the efficacy of the S-L bio-additive as an antioxidant, exhibiting the lowest increment in asphaltene proportion attributed to age conditioning. The FTIR measurements successfully captured the antioxidant capability of both H-L and S-L bio-additives, with S-L performing better than H-L. Overall, the results suggest that S-L demonstrates superior antioxidant performance compared to H-L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]