针康法对合并 2 型糖尿病的 VaD 大鼠 认知功能的影响及其机制.

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture-rehabilitation therapy on cognitive function of vascular dementia (VaD) rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its mechanism. Methods Seventy-five healthy male SD rats were selected to establish T2DM models by peritoneal injection of streptozotocin. Twelve of them were randomly selected as the sham operation group, and the remaining 63 rats were continued to prepare VaD models. Among 63 VaD model rats, 48 were successfully established and randomly divided into the model group, treadmill training group, scalp acupuncture group and acupuncture-rehabilitation group, with 12 rats in each group. On the fifth day after the end of VaD preparation, rats in the acupuncture-rehabilitation group were given scalp acupuncture, and received treadmill training during needle retention; rats in the scalp acupuncture group were only treated with scalp acupuncture, and rats in the treadmill training group only received treadmill training. The rats in the sham operation group and the model group were not treated. Each group was randomly divided into 14 and 28 days of intervention, and we selected 6 rats at each time point; 14 days of intervention required 14 days of continuous treatment and 28 days of intervention required 28 days of continuous treatment. Morris water maze test was performed on the 14th and 28th days of intervention to detect learning and memory function. After the Morris water maze experiment, we injected excessive anesthesia into the abdominal cavity to kill the rats and decapitated to obtain their brains. The levels of superoxide orgotein dismutase (SOD), maleic dialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), which were related to oxidative stress, and acetylcholine (Ach) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE), which were related to cholinergic neurotransmitters, were determined by ELISA in one side of the hippocampus tissues. Nissl staining was performed on the other side of hippocampus tissues to observe the morphological changes of hippocampal neurons. Results The escape incubation period at 14 and 28 days of intervention in the model group was significantly longer than that in the sham group, and the number of crossing platform and the percentage of target quadrant residence time were significantly lower than those in the sham group (all P＜0. 05).The escape incubation period at 14 and 28 days of intervention in the treadmill training group, scalp acupuncture group and acupuncture-rehabilitation group were dramatically shorter than that in the model group, and the number of crossing platform and the percentage of target quadrant residence time were dramatically higher than that in the model group (all P＜0. 05). After 14 and 28 days of intervention, the escape incubation period of the acupuncture-rehabilitation group was significantly shorter than that of the treadmill training group and scalp acupuncture group, and the number of crossing platform and the percentage of target quadrant residence time were significantly higher than those of the treadmill training group and scalp acupuncture group (all P＜0. 05). The escape incubation period at 14 days of intervention in the treadmill training group, scalp acupuncture group and acupuncture-rehabilitation group were longer than that at 28 days of intervention, but the number of crossing platform and the percentage of residence time in target quadrant were notably lower than those at 28 days of intervention (all P＜0. 05). The content of SOD, GSH, GSH-Px, and Ach at 14 and 28 days of intervention in the model group was significantly lower than that in the sham group, and the content of MDA and AchE was significantly higher than that in the sham group (all P＜0. 05). The content of SOD, GSH, GSH-Px, and Ach at 14 and 28days of intervention in the treadmill training group, scalp acupuncture group and acupuncture-rehabilitation group was dramatically higher than that in model group, and the content of MDA and AchE was dramatically lower than that in the model group (all P＜0. 05). After 14 and 28 days of intervention, the content of SOD, GSH, GSH-Px, and Ach of the acupuncture-rehabilitation group was significantly higher than that of treadmill training group and scalp acupuncture group, and the content of MDA and AchE was significantly lower than that of the treadmill training group and scalp acupuncture group (all P＜0. 05). More Nissl bodies were found in CA1 region of hippocampus and arranged neatly in sham operation group. Compared with the sham operation group, the number of Nissl bodies in CA1 region of hippocampus of the model group significantly decreased and the neuron loss was obvious at 14 days after intervention. Compared with the model group, the number of Nissl bodies increased in the treadmill training group, scalp acupuncture group and acupuncture-rehabilitation group at 14 days after intervention, but the arrangement was slightly disordered. Compared with 14 days of intervention, the number of Nissl bodies in CA1 region of hippocampus of the treadmill training group, scalp acupuncture group and acupuncture-rehabilitation group notably increased after 28 days of intervention, and the arrangement was more orderly. Whether it was 14 days or 28 days, the number and uniformity of Nishi bodies in hippocampal CA1 region of acupuncture-rehabilitation group were better than those of the treadmill training group and scalp acupuncture group. Conclusion Acupuncture-rehabilitation therapy may improve the cognitive function of VaD rats with T2DM by reducing oxidative stress damage and regulating cholinergic transmitter release in hippocampus, and the longer treatment time, the better the therapeutic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]