Acid mine drainage processing with ex-situ bioremediation on batch reactor by sulphate reducing bacteria: A literature study.

Environmental damages around mining area caused by acid mine drainage (AMD) require effective yet environmental friendly methods. The objective of this research is to develop AMD processing with ex-situ bioremediation on a batch system reactor to increase pH level and remove heavy metal compounds. This literature study is conducted to obtain secondary data on the performance of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB), the influencing environmental factor, and carbon source as growth media for SRB. Cow dung and chicken manure were added as carbon sources. The abundant availability of SRB can trigger sulphate removal and accelerate AMD decrease on a natural way. Mobilized SRB and FeRB were able to lower more than 60% of sulphate and 90% of iron (Fe) rates. Chicken manure is ideal to reduce sulphate but it's even better to neutralize pH when cow dung is added as carbon source. Batch bioreactor design was produced with an Anaerobic Sequential Batch Reactor (ASBR), the height of the reactor is at 3.8 m with radius of 3.73 m. If the AMD concentration composition is at 10% (v/v), the mix culture is at 30% (v/v) and the nutrient concentration is at 60% (v/v), to lower AMD concentration we will require 49044 L SBR and 98088 L nutrient. The residence time required for SRB to remove sulphate is 42 hours. AMD bioremediation by SRB on a reactor can become a solution to process AMD with environmental friendly method because the process does not produce any secondary pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]