Introduction.

Besides, the city practices the discourse of power in most cases - exercising authority through métro station namings, QR codes, signposts, or advertising, etc. Audio, visual and textual modalities combine to project an image which the city (through its authorities) intends to translate to its inhabitants. From the moment an individual steps out into the city streets and onto public transport or other city domains s/he enters into an unspoken dialogue which is going on between the city and its citizens through a variety of communication channels, both textual and visual, each of which relies on its own hybrid discourse. [Extracted from the article]