Speculative urbanism.

Colven traces how urban land transformations fueled by financial speculation shape flood risk and water insecurity on mainland Jakarta. The way we tend to conceive of speculation, not surprisingly, is very much tied to the operations of finance: the futures it anticipates, and the chances taken on those futures for the sake of capital accumulation. In directing our attention to Jakarta's water crisis, [6] adds to the conceptual vocabulary of speculative urbanism through exploring environmental speculation by the state and developers. Yet as this collection of papers demonstrates, all focused primarily either on Jakarta, Indonesia, or Bengaluru, India, reducing speculative urbanism to the nexus of finance and real estate would be a limited and limiting move. [Extracted from the article]