Breaking the passivity wall of metals: Exempli gratia non-aqueous Ti–air battery.

[Display omitted] • A new multivalent metal–air battery employing Titanium (Ti) as active anode fuel material is introduced. • Ti metal is highly attractive as it is a light metal that can possibly transfer up to 4 electrons. • Ti–air battery could successfully be operated under relatively high current densities of up to 0.75 mA/cm−2. • Ti–air battery provides an average cell voltage of 1–1.2 V and a discharge capacity of 66 mAh cm−2. • Ti–air battery holds a unique potential to be the only metal with 4 electrons transfer during its operational discharge. A new multivalent metal–air battery employing Titanium (Ti) as active material in EMIm(HF) 2.3 F room temperature ionic liquid electrolyte is introduced. Ti metal is highly attractive as it is a light metal that can possibly transfer up to 4 electrons. The electrochemical behavior of Ti is known for its passivity in various media. Here, we evaluated the electrochemistry of Ti in EMIm(HF) 2.3 F with potentiodynamic polarization and galvanostatic discharge experiments. Ti–air battery could successfully be operated under relatively high current densities (up to 0.75 mA cm−2) with an average cell voltage of 1–1.2 V, yielding up to a discharge capacity of 66 mAh cm−2. When its full potential is harvested, such a metal–battery holds a unique potential to be the only metal with 4 electrons transfer during its discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]