A Man and a Perpetuum Mobile? Assigned Hermaphrodite Andreas Bruce's Memoirs.

This article presents the memoirs of Andreas Bruce, a Swedish man that was assigned female sex at birth and later re‐assigned sex as a male hermaphrodite. His memoirs, written by the end of the nineteenth century, are unique. They exhibit a rare example of what life could be like for gender transgressors during the nineteenth century. According to the memoirs, Bruce's transition and legal gender recognition was the source of some attention, but once he had gained a certificate of hermaphroditism and a male first name, his masculinity seldom seems to have been contested. Bruce navigates between describing himself as an ordinary man and describing his life story as unique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]