Serum protein S-100B as a novel biomarker of diagnosis and prognosis of childhood epilepsy.

Background: Elevated levels of S-100B in serum are increasingly considered a potential biochemical marker of nervous system damage. To our knowledge, limited number of research studies have tested the serum S-100B protein levels in children with epilepsy. The objective of our study is to measure the serum levels of S-100B protein in pediatric cases with epilepsy. Results: The mean serum concentration of S-100B protein was 0.135 ± 0.014 mg/L in the patient group and 0.082 ± 0.018 mg/L in the control group. The patients showed significantly high S-100B protein levels compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our data suggest that increased S-100B protein levels in the serum potentially indicate neuronal damage in the brains of children with epilepsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]