Meta-Analysis: The Relationship of Sodium and Potassium Intake with The Incidence of Hypertension.

According to WHO, the highest prevalence of hypertension by region is Africa, which is 27 percent, while Southeast Asia is the third highest, with 25 percent of the total population. High sodium intake and low potassium intake are risk factors that affect blood pressure. This research aims to determine the association between sodium and potassium intake with the incidence of hypertension through a meta-analysis study. The research design uses a systematic review with meta-analysis. The review method uses the PRISMA concept. Search articles with 3 databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct, and for statistical tests using the RevMan application. The articles included in the meta-analysis were 15 articles (14 articles on the sodium intake variable and 10 articles on the potassium intake variable). The analysis results showed no association between sodium intake and hypertension in the cohort design (p = 0.14) and case-control design (p = 0.43). Meanwhile, the cross-sectional design showed an association between sodium intake and the incidence of hypertension with a p-value = 0.01. The subgroup analysis results also showed no association between potassium intake and the incidence of hypertension in both the cohort (p = 0.32) and cross-sectional (p = 0.06) studies. High sodium intake had a 3.79 risk of incidence of hypertension in a cross-sectional study design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]