Beyond Europeanization: political ecology and environmentalism in Central and Eastern Europe.

In the countries under discussion in this symposium, the path to EU-membership is no longer topical, and the transformative power of "Europe" is no longer the dominant determinant of environmental policy and governance. Published not long after the 2004 and 2007 accessions, that volume focused on how environmental activism in the post-socialist states had been regulated and configured first by the "transition" from communism to liberal democracy, and then by the stipulations and choreography of the EU accession process. Impaling Dracula: how EU accession empowered civil society in Romania. Their actor-centred perspective highlights the importance of the strategic capacity of movement actors and contradicts those assumptions made in the Europeanization literature that overemphasized how EU accession and membership shapes social movements. [Extracted from the article]