森林生态补偿机制的影响机理.

⑴ Background——Ecological compensation is considered as an important means of ecological improvement, and forest ecological compensation is an important part of ecological compensation in China. Forest ecological compensation is of great significance to improve the enthusiasm of forest ecological builders and maintainers, and to coordinate the interest relationship between the builders of “clear waters and green mountains” and the beneficiaries of “gold and silver mountains”. This paper studies the impact of forest ecological compensation mechanism based on areas on the decisions of forest scales and forest quality inputs made by non-public forest management entities, which can provide a theoretical basis for the policy development and the expansion of compensation scopes.⑵ Methods——The management decision model of public welfare forests management entities under the forest ecological benefit compensation mechanism is established with the forest areas as the key variable, and combined with the examples, the LINGO software is used to analyze the optimal strategies and profits.⑶ Results——There is a positive correlation between the forest scales, forest stock level of the forest management entities and the forest ecological compensation standards. The forest stock per unit area is negatively correlated with the compensation standards. Therefore, under the current compensation standards, the forest ecological benefit compensation mechanism is conducive to promoting the forest management entities to expand the public welfare forest scales, so as to improve the forest stock level and increase their incomes, but it is not conducive to improving the forest quality. The forest areas and forest stock level of the forest management entities are negatively correlated with the financing interest rate, that is, under the same compensation standards, the increase of the loan interest rate is not conducive to the expansion of the forest scale and forest stock level, and will reduce the profits of the forest management entities. The forest areas of the forest management entities is positively correlated with the input cost of forest quality, while the forest stock per unit area and forest stock level are negatively correlated with the input cost of forest quality, that is, with the increase of the input cost of forest quality by the forest management entities, the forest management entities will tend to increase the forest scale and reduce the forest quality, then the forest stock level of the forest management entities decreases, and their profits decrease.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——On one hand, the ecological benefit compensation mechanism based on forest areas is conducive to improving the enthusiasm of the forest management entities to manage public welfare forests and participate in the creation of forest ecosystem service value, on the other hand, it can improve the total forest stock level and increase forest ecological benefits. However, it still has some limitations in guiding the decision-making of the forest management entities to improve forest quality. Therefore, the implementation of this mechanism will lead the forest management entities to blindly expand the scale of forest management, but ignore the quality of forest management. In order to achieve the goal of high-quality forest development, the following policy suggestions are put forward: First, while providing financial subsidies for the forest management entities, the government can improve the log yields of the forest management entities by providing high-quality saplings, technical support, collective training and other means, so as to help the forest management entities improve the forest quality without expanding the input cost of the forest quality. Second, the government can organize commercial banks to provide green financial credit services for the forest management entities so as to directly reduce the overall cost of forest management. Third, the government should guide the forest management entities to change their management philosophy, help them establish the concept of sustainable management, or expand the non-agricultural income channels of the forest management entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]