Increased occurrences of early Indian Ocean Dipole under global warming.

The article presents a study on an increase in occurrences of early positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD), a type of Indian Ocean Dipole mode of ocean-atmosphere interannual variability with climate and socioeconomic impacts, under global warming. Topics discussed include the causes of the increase in occurrences of early pIOD, the diversity in spatial pattern and intensity and seasonal cycle displayed by the pIOD, and response of early pIOD to future greenhouse warming.