THE ANALYSIS OF METABOLIC CONTENT OF TRADITIONAL MILK COLLECTED FROM THREE REGIONS IN TURKEY BY NMR SPECTROSCOPY.

Milk is one of the primary animal-based foods in a healthy diet which provides vitamins, fats and particularly calcium to meet the daily requirements. Currently, there are a limited number of metabolomics studies on milk and more studies are required to establish reliable international standards and databases for milk metabolite profiles. In this study, metabolite analysis of three types of UHT milk which are whole-milk, semi-skimmed and lactose-free from Türkiye was investigated by NMR, with emphasis on the differences in metabolite concentrations related to lactose and energy metabolism. In all, 31 different metabolites were successfully identified and quantified with a single NMR experiment. Most of these metabolites are involved in energy and amino acid metabolism, and these findings show that NMR can easily detect perturbations of metabolites in these relevant pathways. In this study, the lactose levels of lactose-free labelled products also were analysed and compared with international threshold levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]