Numerical analysis of hydromagnetic mixed convective flow in an internally heated vertical porous layer using thermal nonequilibrium model.

The inertial and viscous effects on mixed hydromagnetic convection in a vertical porous channel using a local thermal nonequilibrium model with uniformly distributed internal sources are analyzed. The flow in the porous medium is described by the Brinkman–Forchheimer extension of Darcy's momentum equation. The vertical rigid boundaries are maintained at constant but different temperatures and a uniform magnetic field H0 ${H}_{0}$ is applied across the porous layer. The governing equations are solved numerically by the finite element method and analytically by the perturbation method. The influence of governing parameters on the flow variables and heat transfer is discussed. An extensive study designates that an increase in the Darcy number enhances the velocity distribution due to increased permeability of the medium while the opposite trend is observed with increasing Hartmann number due to the increased retarding nature of Lorentz force. The presence of an external heat source has a notable impact on the temperature gradient of the fluid, which results in an increase in temperature distribution and thermal state of the fluid. A quantitative increase in heat transfer coefficient results in an increase of fluid temperature toward the electrically nonconducting wall, and as the fluid moves toward the electrically conducting wall the fluid temperature decreases. The results indicate that the Nusselt number declines with an increase in the solid internal heat generation parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]