Vitamin D and diabetic retinopathy in above 40 years old patients; Study of Tertiary Eye Care Hospital Jamshoro.

Objective: To estimate the relationship between serum level 25-hydroxyvitamin (25 (OH) D) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetic elders. Study Design: Prospective, Observational study. Setting: Institute of Ophthalmology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro. Period: July 2020 to September 2021. Material & Methods: After completing the clinical examination, all participants were sent to the laboratory to investigate the blood level of Vitamin D (Vita D), glycated hemoglobin, glucose fasting/random; and urea and creatinine. For statistical analysis, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used. The serum level of 25 (OH) D was assessed with logistic regression analysis to evaluate the relationship with diabetic retinopathy. Results: Collected blood variables indicated that the mean level of Vita D was lower in subjects with proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) and Non-PDR (NPDR) as compared to No DR (NDR) (14.10 ± 1.20, 21.10 ± 1.91, 23.29 ± 2.10 ? < 0.001 repectivly). In the results of logistic regression analysis, we found 25 (OH) D cut off levels < 20 ng/mL as a significant predictor for diabetic retinopathy with odds ratio (OR), 2.91 and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) (95% CI) 0.91-5.91; p-value=0.001. It also revealed a strong association of diabetes duration with diabetic retinopathy with OR 3.91 (95% CI 1.89 - 11.91); p-value=0.001. Conclusion: With the reference to this research we can suggest that the deficiency of Vitamin D is another comorbid progression of diabetic retinopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]