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Population-Level Correlation Between Incidence of Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 Among African Women Participating in HIV-1 Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Trials.
- Source :
-
Journal of Infectious Diseases . 9/15/2022, Vol. 226 Issue 6, p1069-1074. 6p. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- <bold>Background: </bold>Highly efficacious oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is the global standard for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 prevention, including in clinical trials of novel PrEP agents using active-comparator designs. The analysis assessed whether incident sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can serve as a surrogate indicator of HIV-1 incidence that might occur in the absence of PrEP.<bold>Methods: </bold>We analyzed data from 3256 women randomized to placebo groups of oral and vaginal PrEP trials (MTN-003/VOICE and MTN-020/ASPIRE). Regression modeling assessed the correlation between incident individual STIs (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis, each considered separately) and incident HIV-1.<bold>Results: </bold>Across 18 sites in 4 countries (Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, Zimbabwe), STI and HIV-1 incidences were high: HIV-1 4.9, N gonorrhoeae 5.3, C trachomatis 14.5, and T vaginalis 7.1 per 100 person-years. There was limited correlation between HIV-1 incidence and incidence of individual STIs: N gonorrhoeae (r = 0.02, P = .871), C trachomatis (r = 0.49, P = <.001), and T vaginalis (r = 0.10, P = .481). The modest association with C trachomatis was driven by country-level differences in both C trachomatis and HIV-1, with no statistically significant association within countries.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Sexually transmitted infection incidence did not reliably predict HIV-1 incidence at the population level among at-risk African women participating in 2 large PrEP trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *HIV infections
*SEXUALLY transmitted diseases
*PRE-exposure prophylaxis
*HIV
*VOICE disorders
*AFRICANS
*HIV infection epidemiology
*PREVENTION of sexually transmitted diseases
*HIV prevention
*CHLAMYDIA infection prevention
*EPIDEMIOLOGY of sexually transmitted diseases
*RESEARCH
*RESEARCH methodology
*DISEASE incidence
*EVALUATION research
*PREVENTIVE health services
*COMPARATIVE studies
*RANDOMIZED controlled trials
*NEISSERIA
*DISEASE prevalence
*RESEARCH funding
*CHLAMYDIA trachomatis
*CHLAMYDIA infections
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00221899
- Volume :
- 226
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 159236829
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac269