Monitoring of renal perfusion.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains associated with short- and long-term mortality and morbidity. Doppler-based renal resistive index (RI) is a rapid and non-invasive tool that was proposed to assess renal perfusion, identify early risk of AKI, or predict renal recovery course. Central venous pressure and mean perfusion pressure have been associated with risk of AKI in observational studies but may reflect macrovascular perfusion and congestion rather than intra-renal hemodynamic dysregulation [[1]]. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may assess renal perfusion and oxygenation changes, relevancy of this technique at bedside for critically ill patients is debatable [[3]]. [Extracted from the article]