Deterministic and Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis of Tindharia, Darjeeling Sikkim Himalaya, India.

The simulation of appropriate ground motion is the main objective in earthquake-resistant designing to mitigate the impact of landslides and structural damages. The seismic hazard studies serve as the basis for quantifying the hazard associated within the particular area over a given time period. In this study, the detailed site specific hazard analysis of Tindharia site as well as Darjeeling Sikkim Himalaya (DSH) region has been carried out to assure the safety of human and infrastructure against seismic risk. The study area is mountainous region on north western side of India, falls in seismic zone IV and V, and is one of the most seismically active regions with vulnerable earthquakes along with fatal landslides. The future large earthquakes are likely to occur in the region due to constant movement of Indian plate towards Eurasian plate. Therefore, the heightened seismic risk increases the demand for seismic studies near the Himalayan belt. Thus, the assessment of associated seismic hazard in the study area has been carried out by deterministic and probabilistic seismic hazard approaches. From the results, the seismo-tectonic map of a 300km radial distance of the study area is developed. The deterministic hazard distribution in terms of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and the PGA and peak spectral acceleration (PSA) hazard maps for 2% and 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years at different time periods have been generated. The updated hazard maps developed in this study play pivotal roles in mitigation measures with better pre-disaster prevention by earthquake resistant design and in preparedness and post disaster rescue in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]